Table 1.
Gene expression targets for microbial sensing molecules
| Gene ID | Gene Title |
|---|---|
| Surface Cell Associated PRRs | |
| CD14 | Binds to monomeric lipopolysaccharide and delivers it to the MD-2/TLR4 complex; also soluble molecule |
| CD209 (DC-SIGN) | Surface of immature dendritic cells (DCs) and involved in initiation of primary immune response |
| CLEC7A | C-Type Lectin Domain Family 7, Member A, beta-1,3-linked and beta-1,6-linked glucans from fungi |
| CLEC4E | C-Type Lectin domain family 4, member E, mycobacteria is via trehalose 6,6′-dimycolate; SAP130, a nuclear protein that is released by dead or dying cells |
| CLEC4M (L-SIGN) | C-Type Lectin Domain Family 4, Member M, parasites to viruses |
| CLEC6A (Dectin-2) | C-Type Lectin Domain Family 6, Member A, alpha-mannans on C.albicans hypheas |
| COLEC12 | Collectin Sub-Family Member 12, Scavenger receptor for phagocytosis of Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and yeast |
| FCN2 | Ficolin (Collagen/Fibrinogen Domain Containing Lectin) 2 (Hucolin), Complement-activating lectin, phagocytosis of S.typhimurium by neutrophils |
| MARCO | Macrophage Receptor With Collagenous Structure, class A scavenger receptor for both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria |
| MRC1 | Mannose Receptor, C Type 1, bind high-mannose structures on the surface of potentially pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and fungi for phagocytosis |
| TLR1 | Toll-like receptor 1, diacylated and triacylated lipopeptides |
| TLR2 | Toll-like receptor 2, bacterial lipoproteins and other microbial cell wall components |
| TLR4 | Toll-like receptor 4, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) |
| TLR5 | Toll-like receptor 5, bacterial flagellins |
| TLR6 | Toll-like receptor 6, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi |
| Intracellular Associated PRRs | |
| AIM2 | Cytosolic double-stranded DNA |
| ARHGEF2 | Rho/Rac Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF) 2, intracellular sensing system along with NOD1 for the detection of microbial effectors during cell invasion |
| IFIH1 (MDA5) | Interferon induced with helicase C domain 1, RIG-1-like receptor family, viral sensor |
| LGP2 (DEXH58) | DEXH (Asp-Glu-X-His) Box Polypep tide 58, RIG-1-like receptor family, viral sensor |
| NAIP (BIRC1) | Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 1, effects apoptosis |
| NLRC4 (IPAF) | NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4, inflammasome |
| NOD1 | Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1, intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), senses peptidoglycan (PGN)-derived muropeptides |
| NOD2 | Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2, intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) by recognizing the muramyl dipeptide |
| RIG-1 (DDX58) | Retinoic acid-inducible gene 1, RIG-1-like receptor family, viral sensor |
| TLR3 | Toll-like receptor 3, nucleotide-sensing for double-stranded RNA |
| TLR7 | Toll-like receptor 7, nucleotide-sensing for single-stranded RNA |
| TLR8 | Toll-like receptor 8, G-rich oligonucleotides |
| TLR9 | Toll-like receptor 9, nucleotide-sensing for unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides |
| ZBP1/DAI | Z-DNA Binding Protein 1, cytoplasmic sensor binds to foreign DNA and induces type-I interferon |
| Soluble PRRs | |
| CRP (PTX1) | C-reactive protein, promotes agglutination, bacterial capsular swelling, phagocytosis and complement fixation |
| FCN1 | Ficolin (Collagen/Fibrinogen Domain Containing) 1, Complement-activating lectin, 9-O-acetylated 2–6-linked sialic acid derivatives and to various glycans |
| MBL2 | Mannose-Binding Lectin (Protein C) 2, Soluble, soluble mannose-binding lectin or mannose-binding protein found in serum |
| PTX3 | Pentraxin 3, Long, mediating agglutination, complement activation, and opsonization |
| PTX4 | Pentraxin 4, Long, mediating agglutination, complement activation, and opsonization |
| SAA1 | Serum Amyloid A1 |