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Schematic depiction of the impact of e-cigarette smoking on the airways. Vaping uniquely alters the airway innate immune response by causing an increase in the release of neutrophil extracellular trap–associated proteins; proteins involved in maintaining the redox balance of the airways; and the ratio of the building blocks of airway mucus, namely, the mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B. e-cig = e-cigarette.
