Table 4. Characteristics of the patients who developed cage retropulsion (N=16).

CR, cage retropulsion; M, male; F, female; DSL, degenerative spondylolisthesis; PLIF, posterior lumbar interbody fusion; PEEK, poly-ether-ether-ketone; SS, spinal stenosis; LBP, lower back pain; TLIF, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; DS, degenerative scoliosis; LOM, limitation of motion; L/E, lower extremity; DDD, degenerative disc disease.