Table. Patient Demographic and Clinical Characteristics and Lumbar Puncture Findingsa.
Patient No./Sex/Age, y | Length of ETU Stay, d | Time From ETU Discharge to LP, d | Neurologic Symptoms | Abnormal Neurologic Examination Findings | CSF Measurement | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
During ETU Stay | Since EVD Discharge | WBCs/hpf | RBCs/hpf | Protein Level, mg/dL | Glucose Level, mg/dL | ||||
1/Female/28 | 21 | 364 | Hallucinations, confusion, headache, vision change | Paresthesias, hallucinations, headache, memory loss, confusion | Frontal release signs (glabellar, grasp), choppy pursuits, dysmetric saccades, increased reflexes | 0 | 0 | 25.5 | 47.2 |
2/Male/23 | 8 | 459 | Headache, AMS, hallucinations, vertigo, paresthesias | New headache | Cerebellar findings (dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia), slowed saccades to left and left extinguishing horizontal nystagmus | 0 | 0 | 18.2 | 58.7 |
3/Male/50 | 32 | 414 | Headache, hallucinations, AMS, tremor, vertigo, tinnitus, paresthesias | Memory loss, tinnitus | Mild action tremor, peripheral neuropathy | 0 | 0 | 17.9 | 53.6 |
4/Female/22 | 19 | 418 | Headache, confusion, hallucinations, bilateral LE weakness and numbness | Headache, memory loss, depression | Choppy smooth pursuits, slowed saccades, decreased hearing, increased reflexes (3+ at knees) | 0 | 0 | 42.5 | 61.5 |
5/Male/44 | 26 | 401 | Headache, neck stiffness, AMS, hallucinations, paresthesias, tremor, hearing loss, vertigo | New headache, memory loss, paresthesias | Loss of sensation in V2 and V3, facial weakness, decreased hearing, mild postural tremor, peripheral neuropathy | 0 | 0 | 30.7 | 44.5 |
6/Male/25 | 23 | 404 | Headache, hallucinations, tremor, paresthesias, vertigo | New headache, paresthesias | Choppy pursuits, slowed saccades, tongue deviation, mild postural tremor, sensory neuropathy | 0 | 0 | 31.8 | 69.9 |
7/Male/46 | 13 | 415 | Headache, neck stiffness, double vision, hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus, trouble swallowing, LOC, confusion | Paresthesias, new headache, memory loss | Parkinsonism with bradykinesia, mild cogwheeling and retropulsion; slowed saccades | 3 | 2850 | 40.2 | 64.1 |
Abbreviations: AMS, altered mental state; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; ETU, Ebola treatment unit; EVD, Ebola virus disease; hpf, high-powered field; LE, lower extremity; LOC, loss of consciousness; RBCs, red blood cells; WBCs, white blood cells.
SI conversion factors: To convert glucose to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0555; protein to grams per liter, multiply by 0.01.
Ebola virus was not detected on reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction results using the GeneXpert (Cepheid) or ABI 7500 (Applied Biosciences) device in any patient.