Table 1.
Sample characteristics of respondents
| Mean (SD) / Percentage | p-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Men | Women | |||||
| (n = 1172) | (n = 658) | (n = 514) | |||||
| Physical activity | |||||||
| Self-reported (minutes / day) | 96.1 | (79.2) | 101.6 | (82.3) | 89.1 | (74.8) | .008 |
| Accelerometer-assessed (minutes / day) | 104.7 | (39.9) | 105.1 | (40.9) | 104.1 | (38.5) | .679 |
| Mean differencesa (minutes / day) | −8.5 | (75.2) | −3.5 | (77.0) | −15.0 | (72.6) | .002 |
| Memory | |||||||
| Cognitive functionb (0–74) | 53.1 | (9.3) | 51.6 | (9.2) | 55.0 | (9.1) | < .001 |
| MMSEc (0–30) | 28.5 | (1.2) | 28.5 | (1.2) | 28.6 | (1.2) | .363 |
| Word list learning (0–30) | 18.7 | (3.9) | 18.0 | (3.7) | 19.6 | (3.9) | < .001 |
| Word list recall (0–10) | 5.6 | (2.3) | 5.2 | (2.3) | 6.0 | (2.3) | < .001 |
| Word list recognition discriminability (0–10) | 8.7 | (1.8) | 8.4 | (1.9) | 8.9 | (1.6) | < .001 |
| Verbal fluency (0–24) | 20.2 | (4.2) | 20.0 | (4.3) | 20.4 | (3.9) | .132 |
| Control Variables | |||||||
| Age (years) | 75.3 | (6.5) | 75.7 | (6.5) | 74.8 | (6.6) | .011 |
| School education (%) | |||||||
| low (<=9 years) | 55.3 | 53.0 | 58.0 | < .001 | |||
| middle (10 years) | 23.3 | 19.3 | 28.6 | ||||
| high (> 10 years) | 21.4 | 27.7 | 13.4 | ||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2)d | 27.6 | (4.0) | 27.9 | (3.5) | 27.2 | (4.5) | .002 |
| Self-rated healthe | 3.1 | (0.7) | 3.1 | (0.7) | 3.1 | (0.7) | .984 |
| Average temperature (°C) | 12.2 | (9.3) | 12.2 | (9.5) | 12.2 | (9.1) | .749 |
Notes. aquestionnaire - accelerometer; bbased on 4 items (immediate memory, delayed memory, recognition memory and semantic fluency); cMini Mental State Examination; dweight/height2; eranging from 1 to 5, higher values indicate better health