Fig. 1.

Flow diagram of included studies and exclusions. Initial search of MEDLINE/PubMed and Prospero yielded no prior or ongoing systematic reviews on this topic. A health information specialist constructed and implemented the comprehensive search strategy. *Not included in the diagram: one RCT that meets inclusion criteria was not identified using this search strategy but rather, using a PubMed search, likely because the term ‘acute kidney injury’ or ‘acute renal failure’ was not in the title or listed as a keyword, and our search strategy was designed to capture studies of acute kidney injury and renal replacement therapy. Given the missed study, the search strategy was expanded, and identified 181 additional articles. Again, the same study was missed for the reason above. Five additional studies from the second search underwent full text review but were ultimately excluded because they included dose comparisons, dialysate buffer, and dialyzer membrane comparisons