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. 2018 Feb 21;7:4. doi: 10.1186/s40035-018-0109-9

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© The Author(s). 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Influence of Notch and WNT signaling on neurogenesis. Wnt signaling enhances NSCs differentiation through the transcriptional upregulation of NeuroD1 and inhibiting Sox2 from restraining NeuroD1 expression. Upon aging WIP1 is downregulated and allow DKK3 to inhibit Wnt signaling that results in reduced NeuroD1 levels and NSC differentiation. In contrast, Sox2, downstream Notch signaling, enhances NSC proliferation. TLX alters the expression of cell cycle regulators as pten, p57, and p21 and induces NSC proliferation