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. 2018 Feb 21;15:53. doi: 10.1186/s12974-018-1093-9

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© The Author(s). 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — Nrg-1 treatment promotes B_reg cell population following SCI. a Representative images of the gating strategy for flow cytometry of spinal cord are provided. b At 7 days post-injury, the number of CD45RA⁺ B cells was significantly increased in the spinal cord without any significant difference in the total and regulatory B cell populations between vehicle- and Nrg-1-treated groups. c At 14-day post-SCI, a significant increase in the number of B_reg cells was observed in Nrg-1-treated animals compared to vehicle-treated group. d Chronically at 42 days post-SCI, the number of B cells in the spinal cord reached the highest level compared to all earlier time-points. Nrg-1 treatment resulted in a significant increase in the number of infiltrated B cells in the spinal cord and promoted IL-10 expressing B_reg cells compared to vehicle treatment. e Immunohistochemical analysis verified the presence of B_reg cells in the perilesional area of the injured spinal cord. f Representative images of the gating strategy for flow cytometry of blood are provided. g Analysis of the blood revealed a significant decline in B cell population at 7 days post-SCI without any significant change in the B_reg cell population at this time-point. h, i No significant change in total and regulatory B cell populations were observed in the blood at 14- and 42-day time-points. (N = 5/group/time-point, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak post hoc test)