Table 1.
Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis.
| Author | Year | Country | SAHS | Non-SAHS | Research type | Age (year) | Follow-up (year) | SAHS diagnosis | Study quality | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events | Total | Events | Total | NOS score | |||||||
| Gami et al. | 2007 | USA | 114 | 2626 | 19 | 916 | Retrospective cohort study | 49.0 ± 14.0 | Mean 4.7 years | Polysomnography | 8 |
| Khawaja et al. | 2013 | USA | 81 | 764 | 1386 | 17991 | Prospective cohort studies | 67.7 ± 8.6 | Mean 6.9 ± 2.1 years | Questionnaire | 7 |
| Chao et al. | 2014 | China | 53 | 4082 | 3970 | 575439 | Longitudinal cohort study | 38.9 ± 13.1 | Mean 9.2 ± 2.0 years | Polysomnography | 8 |
| Kwon et al. | 2015 | USA | 72 | 1341 | 28 | 707 | Multisite cohort study | 68.4 ± 9.2 | 2 years and 4 months | Polysomnography | 7 |
| Cadby et al. | 2015 | Australia | 374 | 4352 | 81 | 2489 | Consecutive cohort study | 48.3 ± 12.5 | Median 11.9 years | Polysomnography | 8 |
| Lin et al. | 2015 | USA | 16 | 165 | 196 | 4018 | Prospectively longitudinal cohort study | 61.3 ± 9.6 | Mean 8.5 years | Questionnaire | 6 |
| May et al. | 2016 | USA | 4 | 29 | 53 | 500 | Prospective cohort studies | 75.0 ± 5.0 | Mean 6.5 ± 0.7 years | Polysomnography | 7 |
| Tung et al. | 2017 | USA | 196 | 1440 | 142 | 1472 | Prospective cohort studies | 62.8 ± 11.2 | Average 5.3 years | Polysomnography | 7 |
SAHS: sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome; NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.