Table 1.

Main studies of immune checkpoint inhibitors in HNSCC

References	Phase/n	Treatment	Indication	Outcome
Seiwert et al44	Ib/n=60	Pembrolizumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks	Recurrent or metastatic PD-L1-positive HNSCC	RR =18%
Bauml et al46	II/n=174	Pembrolizumab 200 mg every 2 weeks	Platinum and cetuximab pretreated patients	RR =16% mDR: 8 months mOS: 8 months mPFS: 2 months
Chow et al45	Ib/n=131	Pembrolizumab 200 mg every 2 weeks	Recurrent or metastatic HNSCC, irrespective of PD-L1 status	RR =18% mDR: not reached 6-month OS: 59% 6-month PFS: 23%
Segal et al49	I/II/n=62	Durvalumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks	Recurrent and metastatic HNSCC	RR =11% 1-year OS: 62%
Ferris et al48	III/n=361	Nivolumab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks	HNSCC progressing within 6 months after platinum-based chemotherapy	RR =13% mPFS: 2 months mOS: 7.5 months

Abbreviations: HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; mDR, median duration response; mOS, median overall survival; mPFS, median progression-free survival; PD-L1, programmed death-1 ligand; RR, response rate.