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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 22.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2017 May 10;545(7654):311–316. doi: 10.1038/nature22077

Figure 4. Dynamic Nitrate-CPK signalling orchestrates shoot and root development.

Figure 4

a, b, The icpk mutant exhibits deficiency in nitrate-specific promotion of shoot development. Different nitrogen sources (5 mM KNO3 or 2.5 mM ammonium succinate or 5 mM KCl or 1 mM Gln) and 1 μM 3MBiP were applied after 3 days on 2.5 mM (NH4)2-succinate to ensure even germination. Scale bar, 0.5 cm. Error bars, s.e.m., n=17 seedlings, **P< 0.0001 (two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). c, The root system architecture defects of icpk is nitrate specific. Scale bar, 1 cm. Inset: The third lateral root development induced by nitrate for 3 days (6-day-old) or 4 days (7-day-old) in WT and icpk. Scale bar, 100 μm. The images are representative of 10 seedlings.