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. 2018 Feb 19;13:1009–1027. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S154325

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© 2018 Mohamed et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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Histological examination (HE, 100×) of rats stomach.

Notes: (A) Normal control showing normal gastric mucosa (arrow) and submucosa (arrow head), (B) positive control with coagulative necrosis of entire mucosal thickness with intense hemorrhage and desquamation of necrotic glandular epithelium (arrow) as well as congestion of blood vessels, severe edema, and neutrophilic infiltrations in the submucosa (arrow head), (C) orally pretreated with naringin (100 mg/kg) showing coagulative necrosis of luminal half of the gastric mucosa with hemorrhage and desquamation of necrotic glandular epithelium (arrow) as well as severe edema (arrow head) and neutrophilic infiltrations in the submucosa, and orally pretreated with either (D) naringin (200 mg/kg) or (E) naringin–PF68 micelles (100 mg/kg) displaying coagulative necrosis of only superficial layer of gastric mucosa (arrow) and mild desquamation of necrotic glandular epithelium, besides mild edema and neutrophilic infiltrations in the submucosa (arrow head).

Abbreviations: HE, hematoxylin and eosin; PF68, pluronic F68.