Table 1.

Description of the ALPHA Network study sites

Name	Short Name	Institutional affiliation URL	Location, Country	Demographicsurveillance:start/frequency b	Serological survey: start/frequency b	Verbal autopsy: start date	Linked facility data: start date
Kyamulibwa General Population Cohort	Masaka	MRC/UVRI Research Unit on AIDS http://www.mrcuganda.org/research/research-site/kyamulibwa-field-station	Kalungu District (formerly Masaka), Uganda	1989: Annual	1989: Annual. Every 2 years from 2012	1990	Medical Research Council HIV care and treatment clinic: 1990
Rakai Community Cohort Study	Rakai	Rakai Health Sciences Program, Uganda Virus Research Institute / Makerere University http://www.rhsp.org	Rakai District, Uganda	1995: Every 12-16 months	1995: Every 12-16 months	1999	HIV care and treatment clinic: from 2004 to 2013
Magu Household Demographic Surveillance System	Kisesa	Tazama Project, Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research http://www.tazamaproject.org/	Magu District (Mwanza Region), Tanzania	1994: 1-2 times per year	1994: Approx. every 3 years	1994	ANC, VCT and HIV treatment clinic at the Kisesa Health Centre: 2015
Karonga Health and Demographic Surveillance System	Karonga	Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit (MEIRU), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/eph/ide/research/kps/list	Karonga District, Malawi	2002: Continuous	Annual survey from 2007 to 2011. New residents and individuals with long test interval since 2012	2002	HIV treatment facilities throughout the district: 2005 c
Manicaland HIV/STD Prevention Project	Manicaland	Biomedical Research and Training Institute (Harare), and Imperial College (London) http://www.manicalandhivproject.org/	Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe	1998: Every 2-3 years	2002: Every 2-3 years	1998	N/A
Africa Centre Demographic Information System (ACDIS)	uMkhanyakude	Africa Centre for Population Health www.africacentre.ac.za/	uMkhanyakude (formely Hlabisa) Discrict, South Africa	2000: bi-annual	2003-2004: Annual	2000	Hlabisa HIV Treatment and Care Programme: 2005
Agincourt Health and Demographic Surveillance Site	Agincourt	University of the Witwatersrand http://www.agincourt.co.za/	Ehlanzeni District, South Africa	1992: Annual	2010: One survey to date	1992	Chronic care patients at eight health facilities: 2013
Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System	Nairobi	African Population and Health Research Center http://aphrc.org/	Viwandani and Korogocho (Nairobi), Kenya	2002: Every 4 months	2007: One survey to date	2003	N/A
Ifakara Health and Demographic Suveillance System a	Ifakara	Ifakara Health Institute http://www.ihi.or.tz/	Kilombero District, Tanzania	2007: Tri-annual up to 2012; bi-annual thereafter	2012 and 2014	2007	N/A
KEMRI/CDC Health and Demographic Surveillance System	Kisumu	Kenya Medical Research Institute and the Centers for Disease Control http://www.kemri.org/	Siaya county in former Nyanza Province, Kenya	2001: Tri-annual	2007: Approx. every 3 years	2002	HIV treatment facility: from 2003 to 2008

Notes:

^a The Ifakara DSS started in 1997 and covered a total of 25 villages in the Kilombero and Ulanga districts. In 2007, the DSS was extended with 5 urban areas of Ifakara town. This cohort profile pertains to the urban DSS only. HIV serosurveillance is done in two of five of the urban areas

^b In many instances the fieldwork is spread over multiple calendar years. We only report the start date.

^c Record linkage with HIV treatment facilities coincided with the rollout of ART. Prior to 2005, record linkage was done for TB-related work.