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The collateral ligaments (CLs) and volar plate (VP) form a three-sided box, which is the key to proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) stability. The floor and walls of this box are formed by the VP and CLs, respectively; at least two sides of the box must be injured for instability to occur. The force from the extrinsic and intrinsic tendons crossing the PIPJ also imparts some stability. A = accessory collateral ligament, P = proper collateral ligament, P2 = middle phalanx
