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. 2018 Jan 8;9(10):9137–9155. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.24070

Table 2. List of validated paradoxical genes whose association with cancer prognosis has previously been reported.

Gene Association to cancer prognosis Ref.
ADAM28 Overexpression correlates with cell proliferation and lymph node metastasis [35]
Serological and histochemical marker for NSCLC [36]
ANGPT1 Role in the prognosis of patients with oral squamous cell cancer [37]
CA2 Downregulated in gastric cancer and proposed as an independent prognostic factor for patient survival [38]
CD24 Expression at early stages of breast cancer indicates a highly invasive tumor [39]
DAB2 An important tumor suppressor, frequently downregulated in various tumors [40]
HOXA5 Downregulation is associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC [41]
Shown to prevent tumor progression and metastasis in colon cancer [42]
IL6 SNP associated with risk of multiple cancers [43]
KLF10 Potential clinical predictor for progression of pancreatic cancer [44]
MCL1 Key molecule for acquiring epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-associated chemo-resistance in NSCLC [45]
NES Marker of cancer stem cells [46]
NUSAP1 Encodes protein that is proposed biomarker for prostate cancer recurrence [47]
PDZD2 Shown to induce senescence or quiescence of prostate, breast and liver cancer cells via transcriptional activation of p53 [48]
RGS17 Induces tumor cell proliferation lung and prostate cancers [49]
Regulator of cell survival and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer [50]
RUNX1T1 Predictor of liver metastasis in pancreatic endocrine tumours [51]
Associated with proliferation and senescence inhibition in t(8;21)-positive leukaemic cells [52]
SELC14L1 Proposed marker for predicting prognosis and progression of prostate cancer [53]
SEMA5A Over-expressed pancreatic cancer cells, regulates tumorigenesis, proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and serve as a target for diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer [54]
SEPP1 Inversely related to pancreatic cancer risk [55]