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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2017 Sep 8;30(3):10.1111/nmo.13212. doi: 10.1111/nmo.13212

Figure 2. Subcutaneous human gut xenografts.

Figure 2

Human fetal gut was transplanted subcutaneously into a SCID mouse (A). Histology of the mature gut xenograft shows proliferative PCNA+ cells at the base of the epithelial crypts (B), actin+ smooth muscle cells (C), and Hu+ enteric neurons with S100+ glial cells within the submucosal (smp) and myenteric (mp) plexuses (D). Villous epithelial cells in the xenografts stain with anti-cytokeratin antibodies (E; arrowheads shows goblet cells). Species-specific CD45 antibodies demonstrate the presence of both human and mouse immune cells in the xenografts (F). Xenografts show strong brush border alkaline phosphatase activity with Fast Red staining (G) and well-developed microvilli by electron microscopy (H).