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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Stem Cells. 2017 Nov 27;36(3):392–405. doi: 10.1002/stem.2742

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Activation of RA-signaling stimulates the proliferation of MGPCs in damaged retinas. Eyes were injected with a relatively low dose (60 nmol) of NMDA (control) or NMDA + RAR agonist (TTNBP; treated) at P6, vehicle + EdU (control) or TTNBP + EdU (treated) at P7 and P8, and tissue harvested at P9. Sections of the retina were labeled for EdU-incorporation (red) and antibodies to Sox9 (green; a), or Pax6 (green) and Sox9 (red; c). Arrows indicate the nuclei of Müller glia/MGPCs. The box plots in illustrate the mean, upper extreme, lower extreme, upper quartile and lower quartile (n≥6 animals). Significance of difference (***p<0.0001) was determined by using a t-test (b,c,d,g,h) or (*p<0.05) was determined by using a Mann-Whitney U test (f). Arrows indicate the nuclei of MGPCs. The calibration bar panels a and e represents 50 μm. Abbreviations: INL – inner nuclear layer, IPL – inner plexiform layer, GCL – ganglion cell layer.