Table3. Detection rate of enteric viruses in different studies across several European countries, 2000–2015.
| Virus | Country | Reference | Collection year | Positive/total samples (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Influent | Effluent | ||||
| ADV | France (Central France) | This study | 2014–2015 | 27/27 (100) | 27/27 (100) |
| France (Paris) | [31] | 2014 | ND | 100/100 (100) | |
| Italy | [29] | 2013 | 17/21 (81) | 7/21 (33) | |
| Italy | [30] | 2010 | 24/25 (96) | 19/25 (76) | |
| RV | France (Central France) | This study | 2014–2015 | 27/27 (100) | 26/26 (100) |
| France (Paris) | [31] | 2013–2014 | ND | 86/100 (86) | |
| Italy | [37] | 2010–2011 | 325/546 (60) | ND | |
| NoV | France (Central France) | This study | 2014–2015 | 27/27 (100) | 26/26 (100) |
| France (Paris) | [31] | 2014 | ND | 98/100 (98) | |
| Italy | [38] | 2007 | 62/64 (97) | 26/33 (79) | |
| The Netherlands | [39] | 2000–2001 | 23/25 (92) | 26/28 (93) | |
| EV | France (Central France) | This study | 2014–2015 | 27/27 (100) | 21/27 (78) |
| France (Paris) | [31] | 2014 | ND | 64/100 (64) | |
| Italy | [29] | 2013 | 13/21 (62) | 3/21 (14) | |
| Italy | [30] | 2010 | 24/25 (96) | 21/25 (84) | |
| United Kingdom (Scotland) | [35] | 2009–2010 | 37/40 (93)a | ND | |
| PeV |
France (Central France) | This study | 2014–2015 | 27/27 (100) | 8/18b (44) |
| The Netherlands | [34] | 2010–2011 | 28/89 (31) | ND | |
| United Kingdom (Scotland) | [35] | 2009–2010 | 31/40 (78a) | ND | |
| HAV |
France (Central France) | This study | 2014–2015 | 16/27 (60) | 5/26 (19) |
| France (Paris) | [31] | 2014 | ND | 0/100 0) | |
| Italy (Piedmont) | [29] | 2013 | 7/21 (33) | 4/21 (19) | |
| Spain (Barcelona) | [40] | 2006–2008 | 1/32 (3) | ND | |
| HEV |
France (Central France) | This study | 2014–2015 | 10/27 (37) | 0/26 (0) |
| France (Paris) | [31] | 2014 | ND | 0/100 (0) | |
| United Kingdom (Scotland) | [35] | 2014–2015 | 14/15 (93) | ND | |
| Italy | [29] | 2013 | 1/21 (5) | 0/21 (0) | |
| Spain (Barcelona) | [40] | 2006–2008 | 9/32 (28) | ND | |
ADV: adenovirus; EV: enterovirus; HAV: hepatitis A virus; HEV: hepatitis E virus; ND: not determined; NoV: norovirus; PeV: parechovirus; RV: rotavirus.
a Solid waste.
b Inhibited samples were excluded.