Fig. 2.

Diabetic rats show deficits in odour detection and olfactory memory. a Mean sniffing time of wooden blocks covered with a scent of the tested rat (blocks A-C) and unknown rat (block E) in the block test. *comparison of time spent sniffing block E between non-diabetic Wistar and T2D GK rats done by the Mann-Whitney U-test; ^∆comparison of time spent sniffing block E with other blocks done by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. b Mean sniffing time of the scented cartridge covered with vanilla (odour 1) and lemon (odour 2) in the habituation-dishabituation test. Two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s multiple comparisons test. c Mean time to find pellet in the buried pellet test. Mann-Whitney U-test. d Mean sniffing time of the scented cartridge (vanilla/lemon) during 7 trials of the habituation-dishabituation test. Habituation was determined as significant difference in sniffing time between the first and last presentation of the same odour. ^∆comparision of sniffing time of odour 1 between T1 and T6. Dishabituation was determined as significant difference between the last presentation of an odour and the first presentation of an alternative odour. ^φcomparision of sniffing time between T6 (odour 1) and T7 (odour 2). Repeated measures One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test. e Mean time to find pellet in buried pellet test performed during 5 consecutive days. Repeated measures One-way ANOVA with Greenhouse-Geisser correction followed by Bonferoni’s multiple comparisons test. The data are means ±S.E.M., *^{, ∆}p < 0.05, **^{, ∆∆, φφ}p < 0.01, ***^{, Δ∆Δ, φφφ}p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001