Table 2.
Percentage of adults aged ≥ 18 years receiving influenza vaccination in medical versus nonmedical settings, by age group and selected characteristics – Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2011–12 influenza season*
| Overall | 18-49 yrs | 50-64 yrs | ≥ 65 yrs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| Characteristic | Medical† % (95% CI) | Nonmedical§ % (95% CI) | Medical % (95% CI) | Nonmedical % (95% CI) | Medical % (95% CI) | Nonmedical % (95% CI) | Medical % (95% CI) | Nonmedical % (95% CI) |
| Total | 56.9 (56.3-57.6) | 43.1 (42.4-43.7) | 51.2 (50.0-52.5) | 48.8 (47.5-50.0) | 56.8 (55.7-57.9) | 43.2 (42.1-44.3) | 64.3 (63.4-65.1) | 35.7 (34.9-36.6) |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Men¶ | 56.2 (55.1-57.3) | 43.8 (42.7-44.9) | 48.2 (46.1-50.4) | 51.8 (49.6-53.9) | 57.3 (55.5-59.1) | 42.7 (40.9-44.5) | 65.2 (63.9-66.6) | 34.8 (33.4-36.1) |
| Women | 57.5 (56.7-58.3) | 42.5 (41.7-43.3) | 53.6 (52.1-55.1)** | 46.4 (44.9-47.9)** | 56.4 (55.0-57.9) | 43.6 (42.1-45.0) | 63.5 (62.4-64.6) | 36.5 (35.4-37.6) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||
| White, non-Hispanic¶ | 55.0 (54.3-55.6) | 45.0 (44.4-45.7) | 48.3 (46.9-49.6) | 51.7 (50.4-53.1) | 53.8 (52.7-55.0) | 46.2 (45.0-47.3) | 62.4 (61.5-63.3) | 37.6 (36.7-38.5) |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 67.9 (65.5-70.1)** | 32.1 (29.9-34.5)** | 60.6 (56.6-64.4)** | 39.4 (35.6-43.4)** | 71.1 (67.4-74.5)** | 28.9 (25.5-32.6)** | 79.5 (76.1-82.5)** | 20.5 (17.5-23.9)** |
| Hispanic | 61.1 (58.1-64.1)** | 38.9 (35.9-41.9)** | 56.2 (52.1-60.3)** | 43.8 (39.7-47.9)** | 64.9 (58.7-70.6)** | 35.1 (29.4-41.3)** | 74.8 (70.1-79.0)** | 25.2 (21.0-29.9)** |
| Other | 59.1 (55.6-62.5)** | 40.9 (37.5-44.4)** | 53.6 (48.6-58.6)** | 46.4 (41.4-51.4)** | 62.3 (56.0-68.2)** | 37.7 (31.8-44.0)** | 73.5 (68.3-78.1)** | 26.5 (21.9-31.7)** |
| Education level | ||||||||
| Less than high school¶ | 70.0 (67.6-72.3) | 30.0 (27.7-32.4) | 66.0 (60.9-70.7) | 34.0 (29.3-39.1) | 72.0 (66.8-76.6) | 28.0 (23.4-33.2) | 71.8 (68.7-74.6) | 28.2 (25.4-31.3) |
| High school graduate | 60.6 (59.4-61.9)** | 39.4 (38.1-40.6)** | 56.6 (53.8-59.5)** | 43.4 (40.5-46.2)** | 59.9 (57.7-62.0)** | 40.1 (38.0-42.3)** | 64.7 (63.3-66.1)** | 35.3 (33.9-36.7)** |
| Attended college | 53.0 (52.2-53.8)** | 47.0 (46.2-47.8)** | 47.5 (46.1-48.9)** | 52.5 (51.1-53.9)** | 53.4 (52.0-54.7)** | 46.6 (45.3-48.0)** | 62.1 (60.9-63.2)** | 37.9 (36.8-39.1)** |
| Employment status | ||||||||
| Employed¶ | 46.5 (45.6-47.5) | 53.5 (52.5-54.4) | 44.1 (42.7-45.5) | 55.9 (54.5-57.3) | 48.3 (46.8-49.8) | 51.7 (50.2-53.2) | 56.8 (54.3-59.3) | 43.2 (40.7-45.7) |
| Unemployed | 67.4 (64.1-70.6)** | 32.6 (29.4-35.9)** | 67.6 (62.4-72.3)** | 32.4 (27.7-37.6)** | 66.5 (61.9-70.8)** | 33.5 (29.2-38.1)** | 70.1 (62.3-76.8)** | 29.9 (23.2-37.7)** |
| Not in work force | 67.1 (66.2-67.9)** | 32.9 (32.1-33.8)** | 69.6 (66.8-72.2)** | 30.4 (27.8-33.2)** | 69.8 (67.9-71.6)** | 30.2 (28.4-32.1)** | 65.2 (64.3-66.2)** | 34.8 (33.8-35.7)** |
| Certain chronic conditions†† | ||||||||
| Yes¶ | 65.1 (64.2-66.0) | 34.9 (34.0-35.8) | 59.8 (57.1-62.4) | 40.2 (37.6-42.9) | 65.9 (64.2-67.5) | 34.1 (32.5-35.8) | 67.1 (65.9-68.2) | 32.9 (31.8-34.1) |
| No | 51.6 (50.7-52.5)** | 48.4 (47.5-49.3)** | 48.7 (47.3-50.0)** | 51.3 (50.0-52.7)** | 49.8 (48.3-51.4)** | 50.2 (48.6-51.7)** | 60.5 (59.2-61.8)** | 39.5 (38.2-40.8)** |
| Time since last routine checkup | ||||||||
| <1 yr¶ | 59.5 (58.8-60.2) | 40.5 (39.8-41.2) | 53.8 (52.4-55.3) | 46.2 (44.7-47.6) | 59.7 (58.5-60.9) | 40.3 (39.1-41.5) | 65.3 (64.4-66.2) | 34.7 (33.8-35.6) |
| ≥1 yrs | 45.1 (43.4-46.8)** | 54.9 (53.2-56.6)** | 43.5 (41.0-46.1)** | 56.5 (53.9-59.0)** | 42.8 (40.0-45.6)** | 57.2 (54.4-60.0)** | 54.3 (51.4-57.1)** | 45.7 (42.9-48.6)** |
| Health insurance coverage | ||||||||
| Yes¶ | 57.0 (56.3-57.7) | 43.0 (42.3-43.7) | 50.9 (49.5-52.2) | 49.1 (47.8-50.5) | 56.7 (55.6-57.9) | 43.3 (42.1-44.4) | 64.3 (63.4-65.1) | 35.7 (34.9-36.6) |
| No | 55.9 (52.8-59.0) | 44.1 (41.0-47.2) | 54.2 (50.0-58.5) | 45.8 (41.5-50.0) | 57.4 (52.6-62.1) | 42.6 (37.9-47.4) | 67.4 (59.6-74.3) | 32.6 (25.7-40.4) |
| Personal doctor | ||||||||
| Yes¶ | 58.1 (57.4-58.7) | 41.9 (41.3-42.6) | 52.7 (51.3-54.0) | 47.3 (46.0-48.7) | 57.4 (56.2-58.5) | 42.6 (41.5-43.8) | 64.5 (63.6-65.4) | 35.5 (34.6-36.4) |
| No | 45.3 (42.8-47.9)** | 54.7 (52.1-57.2)** | 43.8 (40.6-46.9)** | 56.2 (53.1-59.4)** | 46.4 (41.3-51.5)** | 53.6 (48.5-58.7)** | 56.0 (50.5-61.4)** | 44.0 (38.6-49.5)** |
| Cost an obstacle to medical care | ||||||||
| Yes¶ | 59.6 (57.4-61.7) | 40.4 (38.3-42.6) | 55.8 (52.4-59.1) | 44.2 (40.9-47.6) | 62.7 (59.3-66.0) | 37.3 (34.0-40.7) | 66.5 (62.0-70.8) | 33.5 (29.2-38.0) |
| No | 56.6 (56.0-57.3)** | 43.4 (42.7-44.0)** | 50.6 (49.2-51.9)** | 49.4 (48.1-50.8)** | 56.0 (54.8-57.2)** | 44.0 (42.8-45.2)** | 64.2 (63.3-65.1) | 35.8 (34.9-36.7) |
Abbreviations: CI= confidence interval.
*
Individuals reported receiving influenza vaccination during August 2011 through May 2012.
†
Doctor’s office/health maintenance organization, health department, another type of clinic/health center, or hospital/emergency department.
§
Workplace, store, senior/recreation/community center, school, or other place.
¶
Reference group used for pairwise significance testing.
**
p<0.05 by t-test when compared to reference group.
††
Persons with certain chronic conditions (i.e., asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and cancer.