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. 2018 Feb 23;8:3555. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-21790-3

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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MMP9, CD147, cathepsin B, p18 NFE2, p45 NFE2 and ADAMTSL-4 expression in ATII cells and lung tissue obtained from non-smokers (NS), smokers (SM) and patients with emphysema (E). MMP9, CD147 and cathepsin B expression in freshly isolated ATII cells (A) and lung tissue (B) as detected by Western blotting analysis. (C) MMP9, CD147, cathepsin B, p45 NFE2 and ADAMTSL-4 mRNA levels in lung tissue by RT-PCR. (D,E) p18 NFE2, p45 NFE2 and ADAMTSL-4 expression in freshly isolated ATII cells (D) and lung tissue (E). Protein levels were analyzed by Western blotting. Densitometric analysis is also shown. *Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) is shown for comparison between non-smokers and smokers, between smokers and emphysema patients and between non-smokers and emphysema patients. Data are shown as the mean (±s.e.m.).