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. 2018 Feb 23;8:3521. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-21942-5

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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BI-2536 synergistically reactivates latent HIV-1 provirus with SAHA or prostratin in ACH2 and U1 cells. (a) ACH2 and (b) U1 cells were treated without (−) or with (+) 0.1 μM BI-2536 in combination with 1 μM SAHA or 0.25 μM prostratin for 16 hours. HIV-1 gag mRNA expression was measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Fold induction of gag mRNA normalized by gapdh mRNA expression was determined compared with untreated cells. Each value is shown as a mean ± standard deviation (SD) of triplicate determinations. The values of fold synergy are shown above the bars representing BI-2536 + SAHA and BI-2536 + prostratin. The fold synergy was determined by dividing the fold induction observed in combination treatment with the two inhibitors by the sum of the fold inductions observed in treatment with each of the inhibitors alone.