Skip to main content
. 2018 Feb 23;8:3573. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-21784-1

Table 3.

Association between the Muscle strength and serum phosphate.

Variables Models
Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
Anthropometric parameters Quartiles βb (95% CI) P Value P for Trend βb (95% CI) P Value P for Trend βb (95% CI) P Value P for Trend
Normal range of serum phosphate
Thigh Circumference Q2 v.s. Q1 −0.26(−0.69, 0.18) 0.247 <0.001 0.07(−0.13, 0.27) 0.491 <0.001 0.07(−0.13, 0.28) 0.472 <0.001
Q3 v.s. Q1 −0.81(−1.26, −0.37) <0.001 −0.14(−0.35, 0.06) 0.173 −0.14(−0.35, 0.07) 0.182
Q4 v.s. Q1 −1.00(−1.46, −0.54) <0.001 −0.32(−0.54, −0.10) 0.004 −0.31(−0.52, −0.09) 0.006
Calf Circumference Q2 v.s. Q1 −0.09(−0.36, 0.18) 0.504 <0.001 −0.15(−0.01, 0.30) 0.054 0.228 0.154(0.01, 0.31) 0.047 0.278
Q3 v.s. Q1 −0.47(−0.74, −0.19) <0.001 −0.03(−0.19, 0.13) 0.703 −0.03(−0.18, 0.13) 0.730
Q4 v.s. Q1 −0.55(−0.83, −0.26) <0.001 −0.04(−0.21, 0.12) 0.602 −0.03(−0.20, 0.13) 0.699
Muscle Strength Q2 v.s. Q1 −7.66(−16.89, 1.57) 0.104 0.033 −7.08(−16.08, 1.92) 0.123 0.034 −6.48(−15.48, 2.52) 0.158 0.035
Q3 v.s. Q1 −9.62(−19.20, −0.04) 0.049 −8.90(−18.28, 0.47) 0.063 −8.47(−17.84, 0.89) 0.076
Q4 v.s. Q1 −10.47(−20.92, −0.01) 0.050 −10.44(−20.71, −0.16) 0.047 −10.39(−20.66, −0.12) 0.047
Serum phosphate <0.81
Thigh Circumference Q2 v.s. Q1 −0.98 (−4.00, 2.05) 0.525 0.626 −1.68 (−4.62, 1.26) 0.261 0.832 −1.29 (−4.20, 1.61) 0.380 0.932
Q3 v.s. Q1 −2.47 (−5.42, 0.49) 0.101 −1.95 (−4.87, 0.98) 0.191 −1.47 (−4.31, 1.38) 0.310
Q4 v.s. Q1 −0.42 (−3.06, 3.91) 0.811 0.54 (−2.87, 3.94) 0.756 0.58(−2.77, 3.93) 0.732
Calf Circumference Q2 v.s. Q1 −1.01 (−2.86, 0.85) 0.284 0.635 −1.49 (−3.31, 0.33) 0.108 0.853 −1.28 (−3.09, 0.53) 0.164 0.746
Q3 v.s. Q1 −0.96 (−2.76, 0.84) 0.295 −0.82 (−2.63, 0.98) 0.369 −0.75 (−2.52, 1.01) 0.400
Q4 v.s. Q1 −0.27 (−2.34, 1.81) 0.802 −0.08 (−2.12, 1.96) 0.936 −0.24 (−2.25, 1.77) 0.815
Muscle Strength Q2 v.s. Q1 −5.53 (−87.62, 76.56) 0.893 0.105 −18.84 (−84.28, 46.61) 0.566 0.811 7.16 (−65.29, 79.60) 0.843 0.766
Q3 v.s. Q1 −25.57(−109.07, 57.92) 0.543 1.38 (−76.41, 79.17) 0.972 38.16(−50.29, 126.61) 0.390
Q4 v.s. Q1 −73.22(−162.02, 15.57) 0.104 −12.25(−81.21, 56.70) 0.723 7.61(−66.99, 82.21) 0.838
Serum phosphate >1.49
Thigh Circumference Q2 v.s. Q1 1.68 (−0.97, 4.34) 0.213 0.462 2.16 (−0.33, 4.65) 0.088 0.841 2.89 (0.35, 5.44) 0.026 0.940
Q3 v.s. Q1 0.63 (−2.14, 3.41) 0.653 1.34 (−1.22, 3.91) 0.303 1.73 (−0.90, 4.37) 0.196
Q4 v.s. Q1 −0.36 (−3.14, 2.43) 0.802 0.32 (−2.36, 2.99) 0.817 0.77 (−1.97, 3.50) 0.582
Calf Circumference Q2 v.s. Q1 1.19 (−0.52, 2.90) 0.170 0.479 1.29 (−0.36, 2.95) 0.125 0.916 1.67 (−0.03, 3.37) 0.054 0.842
Q3 v.s. Q1 0.45 (−1.34, 2.23) 0.623 0.89 (−0.82, 2.59) 0.306 1.08 (−0.67, 2.84) 0.226
Q4 v.s. Q1 −0.19 (−1.98, 1.60) 0.839 0.21 (−1.56, 1.98) 0.817 0.26 (−1.56, 2.07) 0.782
Muscle Strength Q2 v.s. Q1 30.27(−70.87, 131.41) 0.549 0.274 1.52 (−72.89, 75.94) 0.967 0.125 3.63 (−73.32, 80.58) 0.923 0.054
Q3 v.s. Q1 −60.00(−175.66, 55.66) 0.301 −73.21(−157.81, 11.39) 0.087 −58.70(−144.91, 27.50) 0.173
Q4 v.s. Q1 −27.44(−143.10, 88.21) 0.634 −40.28(−121.61, 41.05) 0.321 −58.80(−142.86, 25.26) 0.162

aAdjusted covariates:

Model 1 = Unadjusted.

Model 2 = Model 1 + age, sex, race/ethnicity + BMI, serum fasting glucose, serum cholesterol, AST, serum HDL, serum calcium, serum creatinine.

Model 3 = Model 2+ history of congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina/angina pectoris, heart attack, stroke, smoking.

bβ coefficients was interpreted as change of telomere length for each increase in different anthropometric parameters.

Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; ALT, alanine aminotransferase.