Table 2. Different Guidelines on the Management of DVT After an Acute Stroke.

ASA: acetyl salicylic acid; CDU: compression duplex ultrasound; CRP: C-reactive protein; DVT: deep venous thrombosis; ECH: extracranial hemorrhage; ECS: elastic compression stockings; GCS: graduated compression stockings; GWTG-Stroke: Get With The Guidelines–Stroke; ICH: intracranial hemorrhage; IPC: intermittent pneumatic compression; IU: international units; IVCF: inferior vena cava filters; LMWH: low molecular weight heparin; NICE: The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; PE: pulmonary embolism; SC: subcutaneous; SCDs: sequential compression devices; UFH: unfractionated heparin; VTE: venous thromboembolism

	Ischemic stroke	ICH
US Guidelines	Grade 1A: Pts. with restricted mobility, prophylactic low-dose SC heparin or LMWH. Grade 1B: Pts. Contraindications to anticoagulants use IPC devices or elastic stockings.	Grade 1 B: Pts. with an acute ICH, the initial use of IPC devices is recommended. Grade 2 C: In stable patients, use low-dose SC heparin as soon as the second day after the onset of hemorrhage.
Canadian Guidelines	1. Early mobilization and adequate hydration should be encouraged for all acute stroke patients to help prevent VTE (Evidence level C) 2. Patients at high risk of VTE should be started on VTE prophylaxis immediately (Evidence level A). a. LMWH should be considered for patients with acute ischemic stroke at high risk of VTE, or UFH for patients with renal failure (Evidence level B). b. The use of anti-embolism stockings alone for post-stroke VTE prophylaxis is not recommended (Evidence level A).	3. There is insufficient evidence on the safety and efficacy of anticoagulant DVT prophylaxis after ICH (Evidence level C). Antithrombotic and anticoagulants should be avoided for at least 48 hours after onset (Evidence level C).
British Guidelines	Heparin/LMWH for prevention of venous thromboembolism after stroke only when situations of high-risk of DVT and PE arise, such as patients with major restriction of mobility, previous history of VTE, dehydration or comorbidities (such as malignant disease), and there is a low risk of bleeding.	Treatment to prevent the development of further pulmonary emboli using either anticoagulation or IVCF. (NICE guidelines)
Italian Guidelines	GCS and IPC should not be used as the only prophylactic strategy (Grade B). Use of GCS as the only prophylactic strategy in patients with contraindications to pharmacological prophylaxis (Grade B). IPC should be applied in combination with GCS in patients with contraindications to pharmacological prophylaxis (Grade B). We recommend the routine use of prophylactic doses of either LMWH or UFH (5,000 IU t.i.d) for the prevention of VTE in patients with acute ischemic stroke (Grade A). LMWH should be preferred over UFH (Grade B). Treatment should be started within 48 hours of the acute event and should continue for approximately 14 days (Grade A). Treatment should not be administered to patients with evidence of hemorrhagic transformation (Grade D). The use of pharmacological prophylaxis should not be a contraindication for the concomitant administration of ASA (Grade B). ASA is not recommended for the prevention of DVT and PE in patients with acute ischemic stroke (Grade A).	GCS in patients with concomitant immobilization (Grade D). The need to combine the use of GCS with IPC is uncertain (Grade D). We also suggest considering the use of LMWH in immobilized patients. Patients defined at particularly high risk for VTE (Grade D). The benefit of UFH as an alternative to LMWH is uncertain (Grade D). We suggest not using ASA for the prevention of VTE (Grade D).
Australian Guidelines	a) Early mobilization and adequate hydration should be encouraged with all acute stroke patients to help prevent DVT and PE. b) Antiplatelet therapy should be used for people with ischaemic stroke to prevent DVT/PE. (Level  I) c) The following interventions may be used with caution for selected people with acute ischaemic stroke at high risk of DVT/PE: • LMWH or heparin in prophylactic doses; Level I and Level II. • Thigh-length antithrombotic stockings. Level II