Table 1. Baseline characteristics of participants, NHANESIII.
| Variable | Male | Female | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mean (SD)/n (percentage) | N | Mean (SD)/n (percentage) | ||
| Age, year | 7861 | 47.1 (19.5) | 8554 | 47.0 (19.2) | |
| Height, cm | 7857 | 173.5 (7.5) | 8550 | 160.3 (7.1) | |
| Weight, kg | 7854 | 80.1 (16.5) | 8537 | 70.6 (17.7) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 7854 | 26.6 (4.9) | 8536 | 27.4 (6.5) | |
| BIA resistance, ohms | 7449 | 480.7 (66.8) | 7935 | 579.9 (86.2) | |
| Body fat percentage, % | 7441 | 25.5 (6.1) | 7917 | 37.8 (7.4) | |
| Waist circumference, cm | 7675 | 94.8 (13.5) | 8314 | 91.0 (15.4) | |
| Hip circumference, cm | 7677 | 98.8 (9.3) | 8322 | 103.1 (13.0) | |
| WHR | 7663 | 0.96 (0.08) | 8308 | 0.88 (0.08) | |
| Waist-height ratio | 7675 | 0.55 (0.08) | 8314 | 0.57 (0.10) | |
| Year of education, year | 7807 | 10.8 (4.1) | 8508 | 11.0 (3.8) | |
| Ethnicity, % § | 7861 | 8554 | |||
| NH white | 3118 (39.7) | 3520 (41.2) | |||
| NH black | 2145 (27.3) | 2477 (29.0) | |||
| Mexican American | 2303 (29.3) | 2173 (25.4) | |||
| Other | 295 (3.8) | 384 (4.5) | |||
| Household income ≥ $20000/year, % § |
7754 | 4151 (53.5) | 8398 | 4157 (49.5) | |
| Metropolitan area, % § | 7861 | 3924 (49.9) | 8554 | 4167 (48.7) | |
| Physical activity times/month § |
7858 | 8551 | |||
| 0 | 1797 (22.9) | 3122 (36.5) | |||
| 1–5 | 1611 (20.5) | 1854 (21.7) | |||
| 6–10 | 861 (11.0) | 810 (9.5) | |||
| 11–20 | 974 (12.4) | 869 (10.2) | |||
| 21–30 | 912 (11.6) | 786 (9.2) | |||
| ≥ 31 | 1703 (21.7) | 1110 (13.0) | |||
| Alcohol intake, drink/month § | 7861 | 8554 | |||
| 0 | 3386 (43.1) | 5887 (68.8) | |||
| > 0, ≤ 5 | 914 (11.6) | 1013 (11.8) | |||
| > 5, ≤ 10 | 608 (7.7) | 500 (5.9) | |||
| > 10, ≤ 20 | 619 (7.9) | 402 (4.7) | |||
| > 20, ≤ 30 | 531 (6.8) | 258 (3.0) | |||
| > 30 | 1803 (22.9) | 494 (5.8) | |||
| Smoking status, % § | 7859 | 8552 | |||
| Non-smoker | 2600 (33.1) | 5243 (61.3) | |||
| Former smoker | 514 (6.5) | 4 (0.05) | |||
| Current smoker | 4745 (60.4) | 3305 (38.7) | |||
| Hypertension, % § | 7739 | 2776 (35.9) | 8496 | 3125 (36.8) | |
| Diabetes, % § | 7221 | 879 (12.2) | 7845 | 1023 (13.0) | |
| Heart attack, % § | 7761 | 455 (5.9) | 8437 | 256 (3.0) | |
| Heart failure, % § | 7851 | 294 (3.7) | 8545 | 261 (3.1) | |
| Stroke, % § | 7858 | 210 (2.7) | 8552 | 205 (2.4) | |
| Chronic bronchitis, % § | 7861 | 320 (4.1) | 8553 | 591 (6.9) | |
| Emphysema, % § | 7857 | 210 (2.7) | 8553 | 110 (1.3) | |
| Cancer, % § | 7859 | 529 (6.7) | 8553 | 619 (7.2) | |
Note: BIA, bioelectrical impedance analysis; BMI, body mass index; NH, non-Hispanic; SD, standard deviation; WHR, waist-hip ratio.
§, values are numbers (percentages, %).