Table 3. Descriptive statistics of the BSSQ-Brace, BSSQ-Deformity, SAQ and SRS-22 results.
| Questionnaire | Patients | Healthy controls | p value (ES) |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 95% CI | Min | Max | SD | Mean | 95% CI | Min | Max | SD | |||||
| from | to | from | to | |||||||||||
| BSSQ-Deformity | 7.40 | 9.23 | 12.87 | 4 | 21 | 4.73 | Not applicable | |||||||
| BSSQ-Brace | 11.10 | 6.01 | 8.79 | 0 | 15 | 3.71 | Not applicable | |||||||
| SAQ | ||||||||||||||
| General | 3.33 | 3.00 | 3.67 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 0.90 | 2.68 | 2.60 | 3.24 | 2.0 | 5.0 | 1.05 | p = 0.002* (ES = 0.418) |
|
| Curve | 2.93 | 2.53 | 3.34 | 2.0 | 5.0 | 1.08 | 1.10 | 0.94 | 1.25 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.48 | p < 0.001* (ES = 0.951) |
|
| Prominence | 2.53 | 2.21 | 2.86 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 0.87 | 1.08 | 0.94 | 1.23 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.47 | p < 0.001* (ES = 0.952) |
|
| Trunk shift | 2.45 | 2.16 | 2.74 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.78 | 1.08 | 0.95 | 1.22 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.47 | p < 0.001* (ES = 0.919) |
|
| Waist | 3.02 | 2.51 | 3.54 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 1.38 | 1.29 | 1.04 | 1.53 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 0.78 | p < 0.001* (ES = 0.740) |
|
| Shoulders | 2.83 | 2.51 | 3.15 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 0.85 | 1.21 | 1.0 | 1.43 | 1.0 | 4.5 | 0.68 | p < 0.001* (ES = 0.890) |
|
| Kyphosis | 2.76 | 2.35 | 3.18 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 1.10 | 1.12 | 1.0 | 1.24 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.40 | p < 0.001* (ES = 0.905) |
|
| Chest | 2.97 | 2.42 | 3.51 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 1.46 | 1.13 | 1.01 | 1.26 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.40 | p < 0.001* (ES = 0.773) |
|
| Total score | 2.91 | 2.61 | 3,18 | 1.31 | 4.20 | 0.77 | 1.45 | 1.32 | 1.58 | 1.13 | 3.13 | 0.41 | p < 0.001* (ES = 0.908) |
|
| SRS-22 | ||||||||||||||
| Intensity of pain | 2.90 | 2.74 | 3.06 | 2.00 | 3.80 | 0.44 | 2.67 | 2.55 | 2.78 | 1.40 | 3.40 | 0.36 | p = 0.016* (ES = 0.329) |
|
| Self-image | 2.14 | 1.96 | 2.32 | 1.40 | 3.20 | 0.47 | 2.02 | 1.89 | 2.15 | 1.40 | 3.20 | 0.42 | p = 0.249 | |
| Function/activity | 2.75 | 2.45 | 3.06 | 1.20 | 4.40 | 0.82 | 1.89 | 1.68 | 2.10 | 1.0 | 3.20 | 0.66 | p < 0.001* (ES = 0.583) |
|
| Mental health | 3.05 | 2.89 | 3.20 | 2.00 | 3.80 | 0.41 | 3.00 | 2.89 | 3.11 | 2.40 | 3.8 | 0.35 | p = 0.611 | |
| Satisfaction from treatment |
2.77 | 2.49 | 3.05 | 1.50 | 4.50 | 0.75 | Not applicable | |||||||
| Total score | 2.71 | 2.58 | 2.85 | 1.85 | 3.60 | 0.38 | 2.39 | 2.30 | 2.49 | 1.95 | 3.0 | 0.29 | p < 0.001* (ES = 0.501) |
|
Note
* p < 0.05; standard deviation (SD); confidence intervals (CI); effect size (ES); Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22); Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ); Bad Sobberheim Stress Questionnaire-Deformity (BSSQ-Deformity); Bad Sobberheim Stress Questionnaire-Brace (BSSQ-Brace).