(A) MEL1-GFP was specifically expressed in the male germline in ST.2 anthers in MEL1pro-MEL1-GFP transgenic plants. Bars, 10 μm. (B) Pie-charts representing the ratios of 24-nt MEL1-associating siRNAs (masiRNAs) originated from 24-PHAS loci, protein-coding genes, intergenic regions except for 24-PHAS loci and repetitive regions, in wild-type samples through ST.1, ST.2 and ST.4 stages. The numbers with parentheses indicate the read counts of 24-nt masiRNAs extracted from MEL1-IPseq results. (C) The mapping mode of 24-nt masiRNAs on two 24-PHAS loci, for example. Tandem arrays of open box-arrows (top) represent the 24-nt phased interval pattern on both strands of each PHAS locus. Green box-arrows are 24-nt masiRNAs exactly fitting to the interval. Red arrowheads indicate conserved miR2275 targeted sites. Each bar graph (bottom) indicates RPM values of the 24-nt masiRNA (masiRNA_u_0815 or _1708) in wild-type (WT), mel1-1 and eat1-4 anthers. The numbers at the top of bars represent a total read counts of 24-nt masiRNAs with two biological replicates.