Table 1. Mortality and major complications among each category of defect.

	Mortality	Major complications
PFO	Hemorrhagic stroke, pulmonary embolism	Tamponade
ASD	N/A	Tamponade, cellulitis and abscess, hematoma
VSD	Ventricular septal rupture	N/A
Unspecified PFO/ASD	N/A	N/A
Pulmonary AVM	N/A	N/A
Other	N/A	N/A

Abbreviations: ASD, atrial septal defect; AVM, arteriovenous malformation; PFO, patent foramen ovale; VSD, ventricular septal defect.