Table 1.
Participant characteristics and plasma sweetener concentrations following ingestion of sucralose containing beverages
| All (n=34) | Normal Weight Mothers (n=14) | Obese Mothers (n=20) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years, mean ± SD) | 29.5 ± 2.6 | 29.4 ± 1.9 | 29.5 ± 3.0 |
| Weight (kg) | 75.1 ± 20.1 | 62.2 ± 7.2 | 91.8 ± 16.8* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.9 ± 6.4 | 23.3 ± 1.6 | 34 ± 4.5* |
| NNS Consumption1 | |||
| Any NNS (n, %) | |||
| Never or < 1/week | 13, 39% | 5, 36% | 8, 42% |
| ≥ 1/week | 12, 36% | 6, 43% | 6, 32% |
| ≥ 1/day | 8, 24% | 3, 21% | 5, 26% |
| NNS Food (n, %)2 | |||
| Never or < 1/week | 25, 76% | 9, 64% | 16, 84% |
| ≥ 1/week | 4, 12 % | 3, 21% | 1, 5% |
| ≥ 1/day | 4, 12% | 2, 14% | 2, 11% |
| Splenda™ Packets (n, %)3 | |||
| Never or < 1/week | 31, 94% | 13, 93% | 18, 95% |
| ≥ 1/month | 0, 0% | 0, 0% | 0, 0% |
| ≥ 1/day | 2, 6% | 1, 7% | 1, 5% |
| Sucralose (median (25th,75th percentile)) ng/ml | |||
| Baseline | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) |
| 60 min | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.3) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) |
| 120 min | 1.3 (1.0, 2.8) | 1.6 (1.0, 2.8) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.9) |
| 180 min | 3.5 (2.5, 5.1) | 4.1 (2.6, 5.7) | 3.1 (2.4, 4.6) |
| 240 min | 5.3 (3.9, 8.4) | 5.6 (4.9, 9.8) | 4.8 (3.6, 6.6) |
| 300 min | 7.4 (5.7, 10.1) | 9.0 (6.8, 12.4) | 7.0 (4.8, 8.1) |
| 360 min | 7.9 (5.9, 11.5) | 8.4 (7.9, 14.5) | 7.2 (5.7, 9.6) |
| AUC (ng/mL/360 min) | 1244.2 (997.2, 2038.8) | 1508.1 (1184.4, 2186.8) | 1141.2 (932.8, 1447.6) |
| Peak (ng/mL) | 8.1 (7.1, 11.5) | 9.8 (8.2, 14.5) | 7.6 (6.0, 9.7) |
| Ace-K (median (25th,75th percentile)) ng/ml | |||
| Baseline | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) |
| 60 min | 163.7 (85.2, 246.5) | 155.3 (91.3, 238.4) | 163.7 (81.5, 324.1) |
| 120 min | 457.8 (314.6, 980.5) | 660.9 (364.2, 1068.0) | 400.8 (291.6, 722.0) |
| 180 min | 880.3 (596.8, 1460.2) | 1055.0 (647.3, 1524.4) | 774.1 (569.7, 1175.8) |
| 240 min | 864.5 (634.3, 1417.9) | 1141.7 (744.4, 1590.9) | 776.1 (529.9, 1216.8) |
| 300 min | 907.4 (651.6, 1290.4) | 1132.0 (714.3, 1407.3) | 816.5 (482.0, 1205.0) |
| 360 min | 777.4 (540.1, 1169.6) | 931.9 (646.4, 1394.5) | 678.9 (439.7) |
| AUC (ng/mL/360 min) | 218,885.1 (166,281.7, 361774.8) | 290,041.0 (188,830.2, 368,196.8) | 196,270.8 (139,907.5, 289488.4) |
| Peak (ng/mL) | 945.3 (714.5, 1529.8) | 1243.5 (764.5, 1604.4) | 876.6 (614.2, 1227.6) |
*
Indicates statistically significant difference between normal weight and obese mothers based on a p-value < 0.05. When excluding the one outlier, ID #206, there were no statistical differences in breast milk concentrations between normal weight and obese mothers.
1
Not all percentages for NNS consumption add up to 100% due to rounding.