Fig. 18. Femur fractures.

Frontal radiograph of the lower extremity in a 1-day-old infant (a) demonstrates displaced an oblique mid-shaft fracture of the right femur. This was a consequence of excessive traction on the femur. Lateral radiograph of the femur (b) in another 1-day-old breech infant demonstrates irregularity at the distal femoral metaphysis, which was proved to be a birth-trauma related physeal injury with chondroepiphyseal separation at the distal femur on the subsequently performed MR (images not included)