Table 2. Relationships among socioeconomic status and fine self-rated health in men (n = 1,178): NIPPON DATA2010.
| SES | N | Prevalence of fine SRH | Crude OR (95% CI) |
Age-adjusted OR (95% CI) |
Model 1 | Model 2 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|||||
| Educational attainmenti | ||||||
| Elementary or junior high school | 290 | 169 (58%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| High school | 496 | 374 (75%) | 2.19 (1.61–2.99)*** | 1.58 (1.13–2.19)** | 1.55 (1.10–2.20)* | 1.53 (1.07–2.19)* |
| University or junior college | 383 | 306 (80%) | 2.85 (2.02–4.01)*** | 1.74 (1.20–2.51)** | 1.76 (1.19–2.59)** | 1.74 (1.15–2.62)** |
| Marital/living status | ||||||
| Married | 953 | 687 (72%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Single, not living alone | 112 | 93 (83%) | 1.90 (1.13–3.17)* | 1.07 (0.60–1.89) | 1.01 (0.55–1.83) | 0.93 (0.51–1.70) |
| Single, living alone | 113 | 74 (65%) | 0.73 (0.49–1.11) | 0.66 (0.43–1.01) | 0.63 (0.40–0.99)* | 0.65 (0.40–1.07) |
| Working status | ||||||
| Working | 718 | 568 (79%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Not working, including housemaking exclusively | 460 | 286 (62%) | 0.43 (0.33–0.56)*** | 0.75 (0.55–1.02) | 0.75 (0.54–1.05) | 0.72 (0.51–1.01) |
| Yearly household income, million JPYa | ||||||
| Less than 2 | 195 | 113 (58%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 through 6 | 655 | 488 (75%) | 2.05 (1.46–2.88)*** | 1.90 (1.34–2.70)*** | 1.82 (1.26–2.63)** | 1.64 (1.10–2.44)* |
| Greater than 6 | 224 | 178 (79%) | 2.63 (1.67–4.12)*** | 1.99 (1.24–3.18)** | 1.84 (1.13–3.02)* | 1.59 (0.94–2.70) |
| Invalid response | 104 | 75 (72%) | 1.76 (1.03–2.98)* | 1.56 (0.90–2.71) | 1.50 (0.84–2.68) | 1.38 (0.76–2.52) |
| Monthly equivalent household expenditureb,ii | ||||||
| 1st quintile (Lowest) | 217 | 148 (68%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 2nd quintile | 244 | 175 (72%) | 1.18 (0.79–1.76) | 1.18 (0.78–1.80) | 1.15 (0.74–1.79) | |
| 3rd quintile | 238 | 170 (71%) | 1.17 (0.78–1.74) | 1.22 (0.80–1.86) | 1.18 (0.76–1.83) | |
| 4th quintile | 216 | 172 (80%) | 1.82 (1.18–2.82)** | 2.08 (1.32–3.28)** | 1.91 (1.19–3.08)** | |
| 5th quintile (Highest) | 214 | 156 (73%) | 1.26 (0.83–1.90) | 1.32 (0.86–2.03) | 1.32 (0.84–2.07) | |
CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SES, socioeconomic status; SRH, self-rated health.
P value: *<0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.001.
ORs were calculated using multiple logistic regression analyses, adjusted for age, having any subjective symptoms, and visiting a doctor in Model 1 and additionally adjusted for monthly equivalent household expenditure and living in their own house in Model 2.
aThe square root-transformed number of household members was adjusted.
bLiving in their own house was adjusted.
Number of missing responses: i = 9; ii = 49.