Table 2.
Mixed effects univariate and multivariable models’ result; Relative risk (RR) ratios, standard errors (SE) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all predictors in the analysis
| Univariate Analysis |
Multivariable Analysis |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Fixed-effect parameter |
RR(SE) |
95% CI |
P-value |
aRR(SE) |
95% CI |
P-value |
|||
| Severe illness | Low risk illness |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
||
| Severe malaria |
0.98 (0.01) |
0.95, 1.01 |
0.16 |
0.98 (0.01) |
0.96, 1.01 |
0.16 |
|||
| Meningitis |
1.00 (0.02) |
0.97, 1.04 |
0.79 |
1.00 (0.02) |
0.97, 1.04 |
0.91 |
|||
| Severe pneumonia |
1.00 (0.01) |
0.99, 1.02 |
0.55 |
1.00 (0.01) |
0.99, 1.02 |
0.69 |
|||
| Severe anemia |
1.01 (0.03) |
0.95, 1.07 |
0.71 |
0.99 (0.03) |
0.93, 1.05 |
0.76 |
|||
| Severe dehydration |
1.00 (0.02) |
0.97, 1.04 |
0.81 |
1.00 (0.02) |
0.97, 1.04 |
0.86 |
|||
| Severe malnutrition |
1.03 (0.02) |
0.99, 1.07 |
0.15 |
1.03 (0.02) |
0.99, 1.07 |
0.11 |
|||
| Multiple severe illness |
1.04 (0.01) |
1.02, 1.06 |
<0.01 |
1.04 (0.01) |
1.02, 1.06 |
<0.01 |
|||
| Danger sign | No danger sign |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
||
| Acidotic breathing |
1.08 (0.04) |
1.00, 1.17 |
0.05 |
1.08 (0.04) |
1.00, 1.17 |
0.06 |
|||
| Convulsed |
1.01 (0.01) |
0.99, 1.02 |
0.58 |
1.01 (0.01) |
0.99, 1.03 |
0.36 |
|||
| Cyanosis |
0.91 (0.09) |
0.77, 1.08 |
0.29 |
0.91 (0.09) |
0.77, 1.08 |
0.28 |
|||
| Grunting |
1.02 (0.01) |
1.00, 1.05 |
0.09 |
1.02 (0.01) |
0.99, 1.05 |
0.12 |
|||
| Not alert |
1.05 (0.04) |
0.97, 1.13 |
0.21 |
1.04 (0.04) |
0.97, 1.12 |
0.27 |
|||
| Severe pallor |
1.06 (0.02) |
1.02, 1.11 |
<0.01 |
1.05 (0.02) |
1.01, 1.09 |
0.02 |
|||
| Unable to drink |
0.99 (0.02) |
0.96, 1.02 |
0.35 |
0.98 (0.02) |
0.95, 1.02 |
0.31 |
|||
| Vomit everything |
1.01 (0.01) |
0.99, 1.03 |
0.51 |
1.01 (0.01) |
0.99, 1.03 |
0.43 |
|||
| Multiple danger signs |
1.01 (0.01) |
1.00, 1.03 |
0.10 |
1.01 (0.01) |
0.99, 1.03 |
0.35 |
|||
| Age group | 1-11 months |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
||
| 12-59 months |
0.99 (0.01) |
0.97, 1.00 |
0.04 |
0.99 (0.01) |
0.97, 1.00 |
0.05 |
|||
| ≥60 months |
1.00 (0.01) |
0.99, 1.02 |
0.60 |
1.01 (0.01) |
0.99, 1.03 |
0.51 |
|||
| Outcome≥Day 2 | Died |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
||
| Alive |
0.99 (0.02) |
0.95, 1.03 |
0.60 |
1.00 (0.02) |
0.97, 1.04 |
0.87 |
|||
| Gender | Female |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
ref |
||
| Male | 1.00 (0.01) |
0.98, 1.01 | 0.51 |
1.00 (0.01) | 0.98, 1.01 | 0.48 | |||
aRR – adjusted relative risk ratio, SE – standard error, CI – confidence interval