FIG 1.

Additional ibuprofen treatment can extend the growth inhibition of Gram-negative bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1) (A), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (M57-15) (B), Burkholderia cenocepacia (K56-2) (C), and Burkholderia multivorans (D) were grown in the presence of 0, 50, 75, and 100 μg/ml of ibuprofen. Controls included uninoculated MH broth and MH broth containing DMSO (5%, vol/vol) without ibuprofen (0 μg/ml). At the 12-h time point, each sample was spiked with the appropriate treatment, and volumetric adjustments were performed to keep the concentrations constant. Each column represents the mean ± standard error of the mean of the number of CFU from at least 4 independent experiments with a total of at least 8 replicate samples per treatment. P values were determined by a two-tailed nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. *, P < 0.05 compared to the control; **, P < 0.01 compared to the control.