Figure 2.
A schematic illustration of the signaling pathways governing endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), interleukin (IL)-1β, and high glucose influences EndMT by regulating signaling pathways. These pathways converge and induce the expression of transcription factors involving Slug, Snail and zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) (see text for details).