Table 1.

Characteristics of the study population by access to care factors, National Health Interview Survey 2012

	All adults	With health insurance			Without health insurance	Regular physician		Physician contacts in the past 12 months
		Overall	Public	Private		Yes	No	None	1–3	4–9	≥10
Characteristics	N	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%
Total	34,525	83.0	24.5	75.5	17.0	83.9	16.1	19.7	43.8	23.1	13.4
Age
≥18	34,525	83.0	24.5	75.5	17.0	83.9	16.1	19.7	43.8	23.1	13.4
18–26	4,558	74.0	23.5	76.5	26.0	72.1	27.9	29.6	45.5	15.5	9.4
18–49	18,165	76.4	18.4	81.6	23.6	77.3	22.7	26.2	45.3	17.6	10.9
18–64 HR	9,799	76.6	28.2	71.8	23.4	81.2	18.8	19.5	37.8	24.9	17.8
≥60	10,269	95.7	40.2	59.8	4.3	95.0	5.0	8.0	39.2	34.1	18.7
≥65	7,382	99.3	48.0	52.0	0.7	96.7	3.3	6.8	37.0	36.0	20.1
Gender
Malea	15,273	80.7	22.3	77.7*	19.3*	79.3	20.7*	26.7	44.4	18.7	10.3*
Female	19,252	85.1**	26.5**	73.5**	14.9**	88.1**	11.9**	13.2**	43.2	27.3**	16.3**
Race/Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic whitea	20,619	88.4	20.7	79.3*	11.6*	87.3	12.7*	16.0	44.0	25.0	14.9*
Non-Hispanic black	5,119	79.4**	36.8**	63.2**	20.6**	84.0**	16.0**	20.4**	45.4	22.6**	11.6**
Hispanic	5,859	61.6**	37.2**	62.8**	38.4**	69.6**	30.4**	33.4**	40.3**	16.9**	9.4**
Non-Hispanic Asian	2,108	83.3**	19.8	80.2	16.7**	81.8**	18.2**	25.6**	47.7**	18.2**	8.4**
Other	820	83.6**	33.4**	66.6**	16.4**	81.8**	18.2**	19.2	41.3	21.9	17.6
Marital status
Marrieda	14,930	87.7	18.5	81.5*	12.3*	87.8	12.2*	16.5	45.8	24.7	13.1*
Widowed/divorced/separated	9,124	85.1**	41.4**	58.6**	14.9**	87.8	12.2	14.8**	38.3**	28.4**	18.5**
Never married	10,393	73.3**	26.0**	74.0**	26.7**	74.6**	25.4**	28.3**	43.3**	17.3**	11.1**
Education
Less than high schoola	5,487	68.8	55.3	44.7*	31.2*	76.5	23.5*	28.3	35.9	22.1	13.8*
High school graduate	8,938	78.4**	29.8**	70.2**	21.6**	82.0**	18.0**	22.5**	41.5**	22.4	13.6
Some college/college graduate	16,577	86.9**	17.9**	82.1**	13.1**	85.6**	14.4**	17.4**	46.5**	23.0	13.1
Higher than college graduate	3,370	96.3**	11.6**	88.4**	3.7**	90.9**	9.1**	11.3**	47.1**	27.4**	14.2
Employment status
Employed	20,038	82.7**	10.5**	89.5*,**	17.3*,**	81.7**	18.3*,**	22.5**	48.4**	19.9**	9.2*
Unemployeda	2,077	53.6	45.0	55.0	46.4	66.6	33.4	34.6	39.2	16.8	9.4
Not in work force	12,385	89.1**	46.3	53.7	10.9**	91.3**	8.7**	11.6**	36.1**	30.4**	22.0**
Poverty level
At or above poverty	24,725	85.9**	18.1**	81.9*,**	14.1*,**	85.4**	14.6*,**	18.1**	45.6**	23.4**	12.9*,**
Below povertya	6,008	64.9	67.6	32.4	35.1	73.5	26.5	29.1	33.5	20.5	16.9
Self-reported health status
Excellent/very gooda	19,602	84.1	16.3	83.7*	15.9*	82.6	17.4*	21.9	49.5	19.8	8.8*
Good	9,636	81.2**	28.4**	71.6**	18.8**	84.6**	15.4**	18.2**	40.3**	26.8**	14.7**
Fair	3,999	80.8**	52.1**	47.9**	19.2**	87.3**	12.7**	14.1**	26.0**	31.9**	27.9**
Poor	1,270	84.6	67.0**	33.0**	15.4	92.6**	7.4**	6.6**	16.7**	29.3**	47.4**
US born status
U.S. borna	27,956	86.2	23.4	76.6*	13.8*	86.1	13.9*	17.3	44.1	24.1	14.4*
Born outside U.S. -- In U.S. ≤ 10 yrs	1,339	52.1**	25.5	74.5	47.9**	55.7**	44.3**	42.1**	39.4**	12.9**	5.6**
Born outside U.S. -- In U.S. > 10 yrs	5,167	72.1**	32.5**	67.5**	27.9**	77.9**	22.1**	27.6**	42.7	19.9**	9.8**
Region of residence
Northeasta	5,774	88.3	23.6	76.4*	11.7*	89.7	10.3*	16.3	44.9	24.9	13.9*
Midwest	7,193	86.2**	19.2**	80.8**	13.8**	85.8**	14.2**	17.8	45.3	22.9**	14.0
South	12,536	79.8**	26.8**	73.2**	20.2**	81.8**	18.2**	20.5**	42.8**	23.7	13.0
West	9,022	80.7**	27.4**	72.6**	19.3**	80.6**	19.4**	23.0**	42.8	21.0**	13.1

Note: Boldface indicates significance.

^aReference level

^*p < 0.05 by chi-square test (comparing health insurance (yes/no), private vs. public insurance, regular physician (yes/no), and physician contacts in the past 12 months by each demographic variable)

^**p < 0.05 by chi-square test (comparing within each demographic variable with the indicated reference level)