Figure 2. Diagram of MB as an alternative mitochondrial electron transporter.

Electrons in the mitochondrial electron transfer chain are transferred from complex I – complex IV, providing the transmembrane potential to drive production of ATP by complex V. Electron leakage from complex I and complex III acts as the main cellular source of ROS production. MB has been demonstrated as an alternative mitochondrial electron transporter to reroute electrons directly from complex I to complex III, avoiding electrons leakage and subsequent ROS production. This significantly facilitates complex IV activity, increasing mitochondrial respiration