Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of incident lupus nephritis cohort by sex
| Characteristics N=2750 |
Female N=2467 |
Male N=283 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) at LN- mean ± SD | 29.6 ± 13.9 | 24.7 ± 14.1 | <0.01 |
| Age group – N (%) | |||
| 5–11 years | 129 (5.2) | 24 (8.5) | |
| 12–17 years | 442 (17.9) | 103 (36.8) | |
| 18–34 years | 1144 (46.4) | 95 (33.6) | |
| 35–50 years | 492 (19.9) | 39 (13.8) | |
| 51–65 years | 260 (10.5) | 21 (7.4) | |
| Race/Ethnicity- N (%) | <0.01 | ||
| Black | 1351 (54.8) | 124 (43.8) | |
| White | 449 (18.2) | 59 (20.9) | |
| Hispanic | 460 (18.7) | 73 (25.8) | |
| Asian | 126 (5.1) | 21 (7.4) | |
| AI/AN | 32 (1.3) | NR | |
| Other | 49 (2.0) | NR | |
| Region- N (%) | 0.06 | ||
| South | 999 (40.5) | 102 (36.0) | |
| Northeast | 467 (18.9) | 72 (25.4) | |
| Midwest | 470 (19.1) | 48 (17.0) | |
| West | 531 (21.5) | 61 (21.6) | |
| Zip code median household income-mean/10,000 ± SD | 4.3 ± 1.6 | 4.4 ± 1.6 | 0.36 |
| SLE risk adjustment index – mean ± SD | 3.6 ± 2.9 | 3.8 ± 3.1 | 0.29 |
| Hydroxychloroquine use – N (%) | 1216 (49.3) | 124 (43.8) | 0.08 |
| Corticosteroid use – N (%) | 1778 (72.1) | 197 (69.6) | 0.38 |
| Immunosuppressive use – N (%) | 968 (39.2) | 118 (41.7) | 0.42 |
| ACE-I/ARB use – N (%) | 1180 (47.8) | 149 (52.7) | 0.12 |
| Renal biopsy – N (%) | 927 (37.6) | 17 (41.3) | 0.22 |
NR= not reported; cell sizes <11 suppressed per CMS regulations