Fig. 2.

Statistical parametric maps (SPMs) of regional grey matter volume positively associated with tonal expectancy parameters in the combined patient cohort are presented (see also Table 3); t scores are coded on the colour bars. Grey matter associations of accuracy of melody classification signify musical rule decoding, indicated in blue; grey matter associations of melody pleasantness rating signify musical reward valuation, indicated in red-orange (see text for details). SPMs are overlaid on coronal (left) and sagittal (middle, right) sections of the normalized study-specific T1-weighted mean brain MR image, selected to highlight right anterior superior temporal and entorhinal cortex (left), right medial orbitofrontal cortex (middle) and left inferior frontal gyrus pars orbitalis (right). SPMs are thresholded for display purposes at P < 0.001 uncorrected, however local maxima of areas shown were each significant at P < 0.05 after FWE correction for multiple voxel-wise comparisons over the whole brain (see Table 3).