Table 2.
Summary of performance on music cognition tests for patient groups relative to healthy controls
| Test characteristic | bvFTD | SD | PNFA | AD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tonal expectancy task: accuracy classifying melodies | ||||
| All | 0.47 (0.25–0.86) | 0.61 (0.30–1.25) | 0.66 (0.30–1.44) | 0.55 (0.33–0.91) |
| Finished | 0.30 (0.12–0.75) | 0.53 (0.17–1.71) | 1.07 (0.43–2.65) | 0.36 (0.18–0.74) |
| Unfinished | 0.95 (0.45–2.02) | 0.79 (0.29–2.14) | 0.32 (0.10–0.99) | 1.16 (0.44–3.01) |
| Interaction | 2.87 (0.91–9.01)a | 0.99 (0.20–4.81) | 0.50 (0.18–1.35) | 3.81 (1.17–12.4)a |
| Tonal expectancy task: rating of melodies as ‘not pleasing’ | ||||
| All | 0.46 (0.14–1.48) | 0.16 (0.04–0.60)a,b | 1.13 (0.48–2.69) | 0.79 (0.36–1.75) |
| Finished | 1.1 (0.34–3.30) | 0.52 (0.14–1.92) | 0.84 (0.31–2.26) | 1.07 (0.42–2.75) |
| Unfinished | 0.32 (0.09–1.10) | 0.10 (0.03–0.36) | 1.45 (0.42–4.97) | 0.72 (0.28–1.72) |
| Interaction | 0.30 (0.11–0.85)a | 0.19 (0.09–0.39)a,b | 1.72 (0.39–7.61) | 0.65 (0.25–1.71) |
| Pitch direction task | ||||
| Accuracy | 0.40 (0.18–0.91) | 0.34 (0.13–0.87) | 0.51 (0.12–2.10) | 0.57 (0.12–2.69) |
Notes: For tonal expectancy test data, odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) are shown for correctly classifying melodies as ‘finished’ vs ‘unfinished’ and for rating the endings of melodies as ‘not pleasing’ vs ‘pleasing’ (see text), relative to the healthy control group; ‘interaction’ here represents the odds of a score difference for ‘finished’ vs ‘unfinished’ melodies, expressed for each patient group relative to healthy controls. For the pitch direction task, the OR represents the relative accuracy of pitch direction labelling relative to healthy control performance. For all odds ratios, confidence intervals including 1 indicate no significant difference between that patient group and healthy controls for the parameter of interest. For all comparisons, patient group performance profiles that differed significantly (P < 0.05) from the healthy control group are shown in bold; asignificantly different (P < 0.05) from PNFA group; bsignificantly different (P < 0.05) from AD group; AD, patient group with typical Alzheimer’s disease, bvFTD, patient group with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia; PNFA, patient group with progressive non-fluent aphasia; SD, patient group with semantic dementia.