Table 3.
Summary of grey matter associations of tonal expectancy processing in patient cohort
| Region | Peak coordinate (mm) |
Z score | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x | y | z | |||
| Accuracy of classifying melodies | |||||
| Entorhinal cortex | 24 | 0 | –50 | 5.22 | 0.008 |
| Anterior superior temporal gyrus | 48 | 3 | –18 | 4.94 | 0.025 |
| Anterior superior temporal sulcus | 56 | –10 | –8 | 4.91 | 0.029 |
| Medial orbitofrontal cortex | 4 | 40 | −22 | 4.92 | 0.028 |
| Pleasantness rating of melodies | |||||
| Inferior frontal gyrus (pars orbitalis) | −51 | 33 | −15 | 5.69 | 0.001 |
Notes: The Table shows statistically significant positive associations between grey matter volume and accuracy of classifying melodies (‘finished’ vs ‘unfinished’) and pleasantness rating of melodies (likelihood of rating unfinished melodies as ‘not pleasing’), based on a voxel-based morphometric analysis of brain MR images for the combined patient cohort. Local maxima coordinates are presented with coordinates in MNI standard stereotactic space, thresholded at P < 0.05 after FWE correction for multiple voxel-wise comparisons over the whole brain. No significant associations were identified for the pitch direction task at the prescribed threshold.