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. 2018 Feb 22;9:305. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00305

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Copyright © 2018 Lang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Model for natural killer T (NKT) cell influence on humoral immunity (A) CD1d^+/+ dendritic cells (DCs) are able to capture, internalize, process, and present peptide Ag on MHCII and glycolipid Ag on CD1d and do so in a coordinated fashion. As a result, Th cell priming occurs, as does NKT activation and/or NKT follicular helper cell (NKTfh) differentiation. (B) B cells capture Ag via the BCR, but also capture complexed CD1d-binding glycolipid, or internalize it by endocytosis. B cells are, thus, able to coordinately present peptide on MHCII and glycolipid on CD1d. Consequently, B cells are able to receive help from DC primed or activated classical Th/Tfh cells as well as NKT/NKTfh cells. The additional help from NKT/NKTfh cells enhances the establishment of a Bmem compartment and the generation of long-lived plasma cells.