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. 2018 Feb 26;9:843. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03223-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 8 — Differential frequency control of overlapping excitatory preBötC populations is specific to expiratory stimulation in vagus-intact, but not in vagotomized, mice. a, b Representative XII nerve activity during respiratory phase-specific inspiratory or expiratory preBötC stimulation in Dbx1-ChR2 and Vglut2-ChR2 mice with the vagus intact (a) and following vagotomy (b). c, d Average changes in frequency, Ti, Te, and XII burst amplitude during inspiratory and expiratory stimulation in vagus-intact (c) (Dbx1, n = 5; Vglut2, n = 6) and vagotomized (d) (Dbx1, n = 4; Vglut2, n = 4) mice (mean ± s.e.m.; two-way ANOVA and Bonferonni’s multiple comparisons test; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001). Note that Vglut2 stimulation only elicits a larger frequency effect than Dbx1 stimulation when sensory feedback inhibition is intact (vagus intact) and when stimulation is specific to the expiratory phase