Table 2.

Zero-order Correlations and Beta Coefficients for Maternal Age with Cognitions and Practices in the Full Sample, in Mothers under 30 Years, and in Mothers 30 Years or Older

	Mother Age r/β
Variables	Full Sample (N = 262)	Under 30 years (n = 98)	30 years or Older (n = 164)
Cognitions
Competence	.02	.20*	.07
Satisfaction	.38***/.33***b	.43***/.26*e	.16*
Investment	.10	.14	.10
Role Balance	.01	.08	.04
Social Interaction	.05	−.04	.03
Limit Setting	−.19***	−.24**/−.22*f	−.00
Internal Attributions of Failure	.19***	.29**/.18*b	.09
External Attributions of Failure	.24***	.19*	−.01
Internal Attributions of Success	.08	.22*/.13g	.08
External Attributions of Success	.08	.09	.02
Parenting Knowledge	.47***/.39***c	.64***/.55***h	.05
Practices
MLU in morphemes	.29***/.26***d	.34***/.30**i	.12
Word Roots	.35***/.31***d	.39***/.23*j	.18*/.20**k
Pretense Demonstrations	−.04	.17	−.05
Pretense Solicitations	−.03	.15	−.02
Social Playa	.00	.09	.10
Praisea	.16**	.14	.11
Physical Affectiona	.19***	.21*	.13
Sensitivitya	.03	.35***	−.06
Structuringa	−.01	.33***	.01

Note. Zero-order correlations are presented before the slash, and standardized beta coefficients for maternal age, controlling for covariates are presented after the slash. All tests were one-tailed. Bolded coefficients were significantly stronger in younger than older mothers.

^aStatistics presented are Spearman’s rho.

^bStandardized beta for maternal age, controlling for maternal Openness.

^cStandardized beta for maternal age, controlling for maternal Openness, age-adjusted verbal intelligence, whether the pregnancy was planned and whether the mother attended a childbirth class.

^dStandardized beta for maternal age, controlling for child language comprehension.

^eStandardized beta for maternal age, controlling for maternal Openness and Trusworthiness and whether the pregnancy was planned.

^fStandardized beta for maternal age, controlling for the number of word roots produced by the child.

^gStandardized beta for maternal age, controlling for maternal Openness, age-adjusted verbal intelligence, and child MLU.

^hStandardized beta for maternal age, controlling for age-adjusted socioeconomic status, age-adjusted verbal intelligence, maternal Openness and Trustworthiness, whether the pregnancy was planned and whether the mother attended a childbirth class.

ⁱStandardized beta for maternal age, controlling for age-adjusted socioeconomic status, age-adjusted verbal intelligence, and the number of word roots produced by the child.

^jStandardized beta for maternal age, controlling for age-adjusted socioeconomic status, maternal Openness and Trusworthiness, and child language comprehension.

^kStandardized beta for maternal age, controlling for child language comprehension and the number of word roots produced by the child.

^*p ≤ .05.

^**p ≤ .01.

^***p ≤ .001.