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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: Physiol Meas. 2018 Jan 31;39(1):014004. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa9d60

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Case 4 (Modified dataset 2B): Effects of retrograde flow at the end of systole examined using a frequency and time domain estimate. (a): The original flow from Figure 4 (solid blue) with retrograde flow (QRetro), and modified flow (dashed meganta) without retrograde flow (Qno–Retro), (b): corresponding pressure-flow loops from ensemble encoding, (c): corresponding impedance moduli spectra including 0–11 harmonics, (d): comparison of Zc(5–15) and Zc95 in the presence and absence of the retrograde flow.