Fig. 2.

Projections of VP glutamate and GABA neurons. a Coronal section showing expression of cytosolic mRuby and Synaptophysin:GFP in VP glutamate and GABA neurons using VGLUT2-Cre or VGAT-Cre mouse lines. b–c Sagittal sections showing VP glutamate and GABA neurons project to similar targets throughout the brain including lateral hypothalamus (LH), ventral tegmental area (VTA), substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), lateral habenula (LHb), pedunculopontine nucleus (PPTg), and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDTg) as seen in sagittal sections from two different lateral coordinates. The anterior commissure (ac) and fasciculus retroflexus (fr)—habenulointerpeduncular tract—are highlighted with dashed lines. Approximate borders of the VP, LHb, and VTA are delineated with plain white lines. Coronal sections through two key VP afferents in the d. VTA and e. LHb. IPN interpeduncular nucleus, MHb medial habenula, ac anterior commissure, sm stria medullaris, mfb medial forebrain bundle, fr fasciculus retroflexus. Scale = 200 µm (widefield), and 20 µm (insets). See also Supplementary Figures 2, 3, and 4