Table 1.
Metric | Indicator | Median | Source | GDP correlation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Food Nutrient Adequacy | 61 | 0.53 | ||
Shannon Diversity of Food Supply | 74 | Remans et al.33 | 0.42 | |
Non-Staple Food Energy | 46 | Remans et al.33 | 0.72 | |
Modified Functional Attribute Diversity | 77 | Remans et al.33 | 0.70 | |
Population Share with Adequate Nutrients | 76 | This study | 0.64 | |
Nutrient Balance Score | 75 | This study | 0.46 | |
Disqualifying Nutrient Score | 12 | This study | − 0.74 | |
Ecosystem Stability | 47 | − 0.36 | ||
Ecosystem Status | 43 | Hsu et al.34 | 0.51 | |
Per-Capita GHG Emissions | 51 | This study | − 0.79 | |
Per-Capita blue water consumption | 50 | This study | − 0.75 | |
Per-Capita Land Use | 50 | Alexander et al.9 | − 0.09 | |
Per-Capita Non-Renewable Energy Use | 28 | World Bank59 | 0.00 | |
Per-Capita Biodiversity Footprint | 50 | Chaudhary et al.28 | 0.02 | |
Affordability and Availability | 63 | 0.83 | ||
Food Affordability | 54 | GFSI37 | 0.85 | |
GFSI Food Availability Score | 56 | GFSI37 | 0.80 | |
Poverty Index | 88 | GFSI37 | 0.82 | |
Income Equality | 62 | World Bank60 | 0.24 | |
Sociocultural Wellbeing | 60 | 0.71 | ||
Gender Equity | 68 | WEF39 | 0.43 | |
Extent of Child Labor | 50 | ILO40 | 0.59 | |
Respect for Community Rights | 60 | WRI41 | 0.63 | |
Animal Health and Welfare | 60 | API42 | 0.70 | |
Resilience | 57 | 0.64 | ||
ND-GAIN Country Index | 52 | Chen et al.43 | 0.80 | |
Food Production Diversity | 64 | Remans et al.33 | −0.20 | |
Food Safety | 71 | 0.76 | ||
Global Burden of Foodborne Illnesses | 50 | WHO45 | 0.70 | |
Food Safety Score | 88 | GFSI37 | 0.80 | |
Waste and Loss Reduction | Pre- and Post-Consumer Food Waste and Loss | 68 | FAO46 | −0.68 |
The global median value of each indicator (normalized to 0–100 scale) across 156 countries is shown. Metric score in bold is the arithmetic average of its underlying indicator scores (see Supplementary Data 1 for all indicator values per country). Spearman’s rank correlation (ρ) between GDP per capita and indicator values of different countries is also shown. See Supplementary Data 5 for correlation value of all 25 × 25 indicator combinations