Table 1.
Baseline characteristics classified according to subsequent onset of diabetes mellitus.
| New-onset diabetes mellitus | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 48656) | Yes (n = 2749) | ||
| Age (years, %) | <0.001 | ||
| 20–39 | 22177 (45.6) | 653 (23.8) | |
| 40–64 | 24831 (51.0) | 1874 (68.2) | |
| ≥65 | 1648 (3.4) | 222 (8.1) | |
| Male (%) | 34002 (69.9) | 2072 (75.4) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| 2002 | 23.4 ± 2.9 | 25.4 ± 3.0 | <0.001 |
| 2003a | 23.5 ± 2.9 | 25.5 ± 3.2 | <0.001 |
| 2004 | 23.5 ± 2.9 | 25.3 ± 3.1 | <0.001 |
| 2005b | 23.6 ± 2.8 | 25.5 ± 3.2 | <0.001 |
| 2006 | 23.6 ± 2.9 | 25.4 ± 3.1 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 122.7 ± 14.9 | 129.9 ± 15.7 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77.2 ± 10.1 | 81.4 ± 10.3 | <0.001 |
| FBG (mg/dL) | 91.5 ± 14.1 | 114.5 ± 34.3 | <0.001 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 194.2 ± 35.2 | 207.2 ± 38.7 | <0.001 |
| Smoking (%) | <0.001 | ||
| No | 27153 (63.6) | 1442 (60.1) | 0.002 |
| Past | 3238 (7.6) | 189 (7.9) | |
| Current | 12277 (28.8) | 768 (32.0) | |
| Alcohol (%) | 0.003 | ||
| No & <1/week | 32105 (68.1) | 1748 (65.5) | |
| ≥1 time/week | 15016 (31.9) | 921 (34.5) | |
| Exercise | <0.001 | ||
| No | 21769 (45.7) | 1214 (45.4) | |
| ≤4 times/week | 22729 (47.7) | 1210 (45.3) | |
| ≥5 times/week | 3163 (6.6) | 248 (9.3) | |
| Low income (%)c | 4026 (8.3) | 311 (11.3) | <0.001 |
| HTN (%) | 9257 (19.0) | 1091 (39.7) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 5296 (10.9) | 604 (22.0) | <0.001 |
| Family Hx. of HTN (%) | 4393 (10.0) | 270 (10.8) | 0.154 |
| Family Hx. of stroke (%) | 2474 (5.6) | 140 (5.6) | 0.976 |
| Family Hx. of CAD (%) | 1232 (2.8) | 62 (2.5) | 0.383 |
| Family Hx. of DM (%) | 3241 (7.3) | 278 (11.1) | <0.001 |
| Family Hx. of cancer (%) | 6164 (13.9) | 324 (12.9) | 0.182 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, or number (percentage), unless otherwise indicated. BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TC, total cholesterol; Hx, history; HTN, hypertension; CAD, coronary artery disease; DM, diabetes mellitus. an = 24512, bn = 25427. cLow income was defined as those bottom 20% of incomes.