Figure 4.
Cardiac Tissue-like Constructs Can Synchronize Disconnected Cardiomyocyte Tissues and Suppress Re-entrant Arrhythmia within Scarred Cardiomyocyte Sheets
(A) In vitro engraftment of two CTLC samples. Histological section images show a single CTLC (×1) and two engrafted CTLCs (×2; 3 days after engraftment). Scale bar, 50 μm.
(B) Engraftment of a CTLC on two disconnected sheets of GCaMP3-positive host cardiomyocytes (CMs) on the microelectrode array (MEA) and recorded field potential before and after engraftment. The arrows mark the beating of the left host CM sheet (red, recorded by electrode A), right host CM sheet (green, recorded by electrode B), and the CTLC (blue).
(C) Fluorescence images (left) and Ca2+ transients (right) of the two GCaMP3-positive (calcium sensor) host CM sheets before and after CTLC engraftment. Complete coupling was achieved at 81 ± 49 min (means ± SD, n = 3 independent biological replicates). For more details, see Movie S4. Scale bar, 1 mm.
(D) Engraftment of the GCaMP3-positive CTLC on a GCaMP3-positive host CM sheet with spiral waves. Green and red arrows indicate oscillations of the host CM sheet and CTLC, respectively. The black circle marks fast beating of the CTLC. Scale bar, 1 s.
(E) A spiral wave (dashed line) is created in the scarred host CM sheet. The yellow arrow marks the propagation direction of GCaMP3 fluorescence. For more details, see Movie S6. Scale bar, 1 mm.
See also Figure S6.