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. 2018 Feb 22;9:90. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00090

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Disease suppression of naturally occurring viruses by treatment with 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) isomers. (A) Disease symptoms caused by naturally occurring viruses were evaluated at 90 days post-transplantation (dpt). (B) The induction of resistance against Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) by application of each 2,3-BDO isomer (2R,3R-, 2R,3S-, and 2S,3S-butanediol) was evaluated at 90 dpt in the field. Bars represent mean ± SEM (n = 100). The housekeeping gene CaUBQ was used as a reference in qPCR. (C) Fruit fresh weight per plant and the fruit yield of 16 plants treated with 2,3-BDO, benzothiadiazole (BTH), and water were assessed at 100 dpt. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Error bars represent mean ± SEM.