Table 1.
Mean (standard deviation) for pre to post gain scores and pre to 3-month retention scores and confidence interval (CI) for each of the outcome measures split by experimental group.
| Activity | Group | Pre to post gain a | Difference gain (95% CI) | Pre to 3-month retention b | Difference retention (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Word identification | Massed | 12.2 (10.0) | 7.9–16.5 | 8.9 (8.0) | 5.4–12.3 |
| Spaced | 11.6 (8.3) | 8.1–15.1 | 10.9 (7.9) | 7.6–14.3 | |
| Four-choice discrimination | Massed | 10.5 (9.2) | 6.6–14.5 | 6.7 (10.3) | 2.3–11.2 |
| Spaced | 9.6 (9.1) | 5.7–13.4 | 8.9 (9.8) | 4.7–13.0 | |
| Fill in the blank | Massed | 5.5 (6.9) | 2.6–8.5 | 5.3 (7.1) | 2.3–8.4 |
| Spaced | 5.7 (10.4) | 1.4–10.1 | 3.9 (11.5) | −0.99–8.7 | |
| Sentence context | Massed | 6.6 (11.8) | 1.5–11.7 | 6.6 (13.9) | 0.62–12.6 |
| Spaced | 5.3 (9.8) | 1.2–9.5 | 5.0 (12.2) | −0.13–10.1 | |
| BAS test | Massed | 5.1 (8.6) | 1.4–8.8 | ||
| Spaced | 5.1 (9.1) | 1.2–8.9 |
Note. BAS = Build-a-Sentence.
a
Pre to post gain is the difference between the pretraining and posttraining outcome measures.
b
Pre to 3-month retention is the difference between the pretraining and 3-month posttraining outcome measures.